informatik-vortraege August 2023

informatik-vortraege@lists.rwth-aachen.de

6 Teilnehmer
5 Diskussionen

Einladung: Vortrag von Sascha Fahl zu Human Factors in Cybersecurity

von Vincent Drury

Sehr geehrte Damen und Herren, hiermit möchte ich Sie herzlich zu folgendem Vortrag von Prof. Sascha Fahl (CISPA, Leibniz Universität Hannover) einladen: Zeit: Freitag, 16. Juni 2023, 12.00 Uhr Ort: UMIC 025 (Mies-van-der-Rohe Str. 15, EG) Thema: A Holistic Approach to Human Factors in Cybersecurity Abstract: The field of information security and privacy has taught us that developing functional and practical security mechanisms requires more than just technological innovation. Human factors play a crucial role in the success or failure of security and privacy systems. The persistent gap between the theoretical security of cryptographic algorithms and real-world vulnerabilities, data breaches, and possible attacks has highlighted the need for a holistic approach to security and privacy research. As a researcher in this field, I have focused on identifying crucial weak points and empowering all actors involved in creating and using security and privacy-preserving technology. This includes end-users, developers, and system operators. My research has involved working with secure messaging, security indicators, and authentication mechanisms to empower end-users, improving APIs, documentation, and developer tools to support developers, and improving configuration languages and tools to benefit system operators. In this talk, I will demonstrate how this holistic approach to human factors in cybersecurity research helps close the gap between theoretical security, privacy, and real-world deployments. I will present my past and current work on supporting expert users and protecting end-users and outlining my goals and strategies for future research. Through a combination of technical innovation and consideration of human factors, I believe we can successfully prevent involuntary loss of control over data and empower users to retain power over their security and privacy. Mit freundlichen Grüßen Vincent Drury

8 Monate, 1 Woche

Einladung: Informatik-Oberseminar Tim Quatmann

von Tim Quatmann

+********************************************************************** * * * Einladung * * * * Informatik-Oberseminar * * * +********************************************************************** Zeit: Dienstag, 5. September 2023, 14.00 Uhr Ort: Informatikzentrum, E3, 2. Etage, Raum 9222 Referent: Tim Quatmann M.Sc. Lehrstuhl Informatik 2 (Software Modeling and Verification) Thema: Verification of Multi-Objective Markov Models Abstract: Probabilistic systems evolve based on environmental events that occur with a certain probability. For such systems to perform well, we are often interested in multiple objectives, i.e., quantitative performance measures like the probability of a failure or the expected time until task completion. Sometimes, these objectives conflict with each other: minimizing the failure probability possibly means completing the task takes longer. Compromises need to be found. We consider Markov models — particularly Markov decision processes (MDPs) and Markov Automata (MAs). These state-based modeling formalisms describe a system in its random environment. Starting from an initial state, the transitioning behavior in MDPs is determined by probabilistic and nondeterministic choices. MAs further extend MDPs by exponentially distributed continuous time delays. Rewards can be attached to states or transitions to model system quantities such as energy consumption, productivity, or monetary costs. Objectives are formally specified by a mapping from (infinite) system executions to the value of interest, i.e., the total accumulated costs or the average energy consumption. The expected value of an objective is defined once the nondeterminism is resolved using a strategy — intuitively reflecting the choices of a system controller. Different strategies induce different expected objective values. Multi-objective verification of MDPs and MAs analyzes the interplay between the considered objectives and identifies which trade-offs between expected objective values are possible, i.e., achievable by some strategy. We study practically efficient methods to compute the set of achievable solutions. For this, we establish a general framework and its instantiation for (undiscounted) total reachability reward objectives, long-run average reward objectives, and reward-bounded objectives. We propagate the errors made by approximative methods, yielding sound under- and over-approximations. We further consider multi-dimensional quantiles that ask under which reward constraints a given objective value is achievable. Finally, we investigate a setting in which the strategies must be simple, i.e., non-randomized and with limited memory access. All presented approaches are integrated into the state-of-the-art probabilistic model checker Storm. An extensive evaluation of this implementation on a broad set of multi-objective benchmarks shows that our approaches scale to large models with millions of states. Es laden ein: die Dozentinnen und Dozenten der Informatik

8 Monate, 1 Woche

Einladung: Informatik-Oberseminar Jan Pennekamp

von Förster, Claudia

+********************************************************************** * * * Einladung * * * * Informatik-Oberseminar * * * +********************************************************************** Zeit: Freitag, 22. September 2023, 11:00 Uhr Ort: Seminarraum Informatik 4 (COMSYS) - 9007, E3, Ahornstr. 55 [1] Digitaler Zugang (hybrider Vortrag): https://rwth.zoom.us/j/63466099726?pwd=eUN1QTRISUZmSEFzUnhnSXdRSW5CZz09 (Meeting-ID: 634 6609 9726 Kenncode: 269470) Referent: Jan Pennekamp M.Sc. Lehrstuhl Informatik 4 (COMSYS) Thema: Secure Collaborations for the Industrial Internet of Things Abstract: The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) leads to increasingly-interconnected and networked industrial processes and environments, which, in turn, results in stakeholders collecting a plethora of information. Even though the global sharing of information and industrial collaborations in the IIoT promise significant improvements concerning productivity, sustainability, and product quality, among others, information is still commonly encapsulated locally. Confidentiality concerns are the primary roadblock to fully realizing the aforementioned improvements. We address this mission-critical research gap. Since existing concepts for sharing information do not scale to industry-sized applications in the IIoT, we present solutions that enable secure collaborations in the IIoT while providing technical (confidentiality) guarantees to the involved stakeholders. Our research is crucial (i) for demonstrating the potential and added value of (secure) collaborations and (ii) for convincing cautious stakeholders of the utility and benefits of technical building blocks that reliably enable confidential information sharing, even among direct competitors. Our interdisciplinary research thus focuses on establishing and realizing secure industrial collaborations in the IIoT. We rely on well-established building blocks from private computing (i.e., privacy-preserving computations and confidential computing) to reliably realize them. We thoroughly evaluate each of our designs using multiple real-world use cases from the domain of production technology to attest their practical feasibility for the IIoT. By applying private computing, we are indeed able to reliably secure collaborations that not only scale to industry-sized applications but also allow for use case-specific configurations of confidentiality guarantees. Overall, given the expected improvements, our research should greatly contribute to convincing even cautious stakeholders to participate in (reliably-secured) industrial collaborations. Our work is an essential first step for establishing widespread information sharing between stakeholders in the IIoT, and it stresses four crucial aspects: (i) collaborations can be secured reliably, and we can even provide technical guarantees while doing so, (ii) building blocks from private computing scale to industrial applications and satisfy the outlined confidentiality needs, (iii) improvements that follow from industrial collaborations are within reach, even when dealing with cautious stakeholders, and (iv) the interdisciplinary development of sophisticated yet appropriate designs for use case-driven secure collaborations can succeed in practice. Es laden ein: die Dozentinnen und Dozenten der Informatik [1] https://www.comsys.rwth-aachen.de/fileadmin/misc/how-to-get-to-comsys.pdf -- Jan Pennekamp, M.Sc., Ph.D. Student Chair of Communication and Distributed Systems RWTH Aachen University, Germany tel: +49 241 80 21411 web: https://www.comsys.rwth-aachen.de/team/jan-pennekamp/

8 Monate, 2 Wochen

Einladung: Informatik-Oberseminar Julian Miller

von Miller, Julian

+********************************************************************** * * * Einladung * * * * Informatik-Oberseminar * * * +********************************************************************** Zeit: Freitag, 18.08.2023, 09:00 Uhr Ort: IT Center, Kopernikusstraße 6, Seminarraum 001 Referent: Julian Miller M.Sc. Lehrstuhl Informatik 12 Thema: Pattern-based Abstractions for Parallel Programs Abstract: The computational demands in sciences and engineering are quickly rising with the increasing complexities of simulation and the availability of extensive data. This demand is satisfied with large clusters of computers and specialized hardware accelerators. However, programming such systems is challenging and time-consuming, and the massive concurrency is error-prone. The software developers are faced with deriving a well-scaling solution while preserving correctness. These development challenges are aggravated by the quickly evolving hardware landscape of high-performance computing (HPC). This work investigates the key challenges when developing highly productive and performant parallel programs. This analysis is based on extensive human-subject studies with a diverse set of parallel programs and programmers. It uncovers quantitative and measurable productivity metrics, the main impact factors for developing parallel programs efficiently, and cost estimation methods for developing software. Based on this analysis, an abstract model of parallel algorithms is proposed to mitigate these challenges. It is based on a strict separation between the algorithmic structure of a program and its executed functions. Rich and high-level optimization potentials are revealed by decomposing parallel programs into a hierarchical structure of parallel patterns. A static performance model and optimization and scheduling algorithms are introduced to leverage these optimization potentials. A proof of concept development pipeline is proposed exposing this pattern-based programming approach to software developers: First, parallel programs may be specified in the proposed Parallel Pattern Language (PPL) that closely follows the mathematical definition of parallel algorithms. Alternatively, existing codes can be translated into the proposed hierarchical pattern structure with pattern- detection methods. Second, the hierarchical pattern structure is extracted and global transformations are applied to minimize the overall runtime for a target hardware architecture. Third, the optimized code and its scheduling are generated in a source-to-source fashion for heterogeneous systems with shared and distributed memory and accelerators. The proposed approach and proof of concept implementation are evaluated on real-world parallel algorithms. Es laden ein: die Dozentinnen und Dozenten der Informatik

8 Monate, 3 Wochen

Einladung: Informatik-Oberseminar Matthias Ehlenz

von Ehlenz, Matthias

+********************************************************************** * * * Einladung * * * * Informatik-Oberseminar * * * +********************************************************************** Zeit: Freitag, 18. August 2023, 14.00 Uhr Der öffentliche Vortrag findet hybrid statt: Ort: Raum 5053.2 (großer B-IT-Hörsaal)/Informatikzentrum, Ahornstraße 55 Zoom: https://rwth.zoom.us/j/67829456459?pwd=RFM0SjNPb2xidzNIT0xJMUg1UkZGQT09 Meeting-ID: 678 2945 6459 Kenncode: 280923 Referent: Dipl.-Gyml. Matthias Ehlenz Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet Informatik 9 (Lerntechnologien) Thema: A Sustainable Research & Development Ecosystem for Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning with Interactive Tabletop Displays Abstract: Computer-supported learning processes are of consistently increasing importance for education. Considering innovative platforms, interactive tabletops provide distinct advantages: They introduce automated feedback, individualization capabilities, and interaction mechanics that enable self-regulated learning in computer-supported collaborative learning processes. They allow truly equal, simultaneous interaction. At the same time, the strengths of face-to-face communication of traditional group work are preserved. Additionally, the digitization of collaborative face-to-face learning opens new research opportunities by enabling the usage of methods from learning analytics and introducing innovative ways of multi-modal data collection. Still, we do not know much about the practical impact of interactive tabletops on the learning process and successful usage in education requires the tuning of content and media to fit each other. Previous promising technologies missed out on their potential by lacking content, research, and sustainable concepts. This dissertation aims to help overcome obstacles and thus enable interactive tabletops to have a positive impact on future education. Assisting developers and educators to implement open-source learning games, providing interdisciplinary research teams with methods and tools to produce highly configurable research prototypes and partake in open science, and enabling teachers to improve their students' learning by providing insights through the open learning analytics infrastructure: The Multi-Touch Learning Game (MTLG) ecosystem is intended to take a holistic approach on facilitating interactive tabletops for better learning experiences. This dissertation provides a systematic approach to the requirements of, research on and educational use of interactive tabletop systems. The MTLG ecosystem presents an integrated research and prototyping framework for collaborative learning with interactive tabletop displays. The components are the MTLG core and toolchain (fundamental building blocks for the rapid creation of capable research prototypes); the MTLG infrastructure (server-side components for connecting sessions across devices, managing users and more); the MTLG research components (supporting experimental setups). Considering scientific sustainability, this dissertation goes beyond technical aspects and slightly beyond the scope of this project. In an interdisciplinary effort a sustainable, science-driven proposal for a learning analytics metadata infrastructure has been developed. The overall evaluation is done in a threefold approach: First, case studies are presented to show research in depth. Second, the broad applicability is shown by presenting learning applications of different scopes and subjects. Third, a technical prototype and a corresponding case study are presented to showcase the interplay of components. Conclusively, this dissertation presents a coherent ecosystem of software, methods, and infrastructure to research collaborative learning processes involving interactive tabletop displays, large multi-touch systems placed horizontally for face-to-face learning in groups. Es laden ein: die Dozentinnen und Dozenten der Informatik Dipl.-Gyml. Matthias Ehlenz Koordination & Konzeption MediaLab Lehrerbildungszentrum der RWTH Aachen Kármánstr. 17-19 52062 Aachen +49 241 80 96 435 Ehlenz(a)lbz.rwth-aachen.de<mailto:Ehlenz@lbz.rwth-aachen.de> www.lbz.rwth-aachen.de<http://www.lbz.rwth-aachen.de/>

8 Monate, 3 Wochen

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informatik-vortraege August 2023