The following technical report is available from http://aib.informatik.rwth-aachen.de: On Compositional Failure Detection in Structured Transition Systems Ingo Felscher, Wolfgang Thomas AIB 2011-12 In model-checking, systems are often given as products. We propose an approach that is built on a preprocessing of specifications in terms of appropriate automata. This allows to incorporate information about the local behaviour and synchronization of the system components into the specification. We develop a framework of (partially) synchronized automaton products and a format of corresponding specification automata that allows for a compositional failure detection of linear regular properties (either for finite or for infinite behaviour). As a result we obtain an algorithm which separates the local and the non-local segments of system runs, resulting in improved complexity bounds in typical specifications.